Panchangam
Panchangam is a Hindu calendar. It uses Hindu time keeping units and displays important dates and calculations in a tabulated format.
Panchangam is used in astrology. Astrologers consider panchangam to obtain auspicious dates for wedding corporate mergers and other activities as per religion. Talking about its etymology, the moon’s motions are considered to be the most important for the reliability of Panchangam as it is the fastest heavenly body as per traditional panchangam. Panchanga is a Sanskrit work meaning “having five limbs”. Tithi, Nakshatra, Yoga, Karana, and Vaar are the five limbs of panchangam.
Tithi:-
Tithi is the date that is from 19 to 26 hrs as per panchanga. Moon month has 30 Tithis that is devided into two groups sukla paksh and Krishna Paksh . Sukla paksha has 1 to 14 days and then their comes Purnima. In total, it has 15 tithi. Similarly, Krishna Paksha has 1 to 14 days and then Amavasya arrives. In total it has 15 days. Names of 11 tithi are- purnima, pratipada, Diwtiya, Tritiya, Chaturthi, Panchami, Shanthi, Saptami, Ashtami, Navami, Dashmi, Ekdash, Dwadshi, Trayodashi, Chaturdashi and Amavasya
Vaar:-
Vaar are the seven days of the week.
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Nakshatra:-
The figures visible in the sky are made from the stars. There are 27 Nakshatra. Astrologers have considered an additional Nakshatra called Abhijeet Nakshatra. The moon revolves in the 27 nakshatra. Names of 27 nakshatra are Ashwini, Bharini, Krittika, Rohini, Mrigashira, Ardra, Punarvasu, Pushya, Ashlesha, Magha, Purva Phalguni, Uttar Phalguni, Hasta, Chitra, Swati, Vishakha, Anuradha, Jyeshtha, Mula, Uttar Ashadha, Shravana, Dhanishta, Shatabhisha, Purva Bhadrapada, Uttara Bhadrapada, Revati.
Yoga:-
There are 27 kinds of yoga. The sun and moon situated at different positions constitute yog. The names of yog on the basis of the different position of the sun and moon are Vaishkambha, Priti, Ayushman, saubhagya, sobhana, Atiganda, sukarma, Dhriti, sola, Ganda, Virddha, Dhruva, Vyagatha, Harshana, Vajra, Siddhi, Vyatapata, Varigan, Parigha, Siva, Siddha, Sadhya, Subha, Sukla, Brahma, Indra, Vaidhriti.
Out of these 27 yoga, 9 are considered inauspicious. The inauspicious yogas are Vishkumbh, atigadh, shool, gadh, vyaghata, vajra, Vyatipaat, Prigh, and Vaidhriti.
Karana:-
One tithi has two karana one in purvardh and the other in uttarardh. In total there are 11 karana bav, balav, Kaulava, Taitila, Gara, Vanija, vishti, shakuni, chatushpada, Naga, kaustuva .